Constitutional Law

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Essay
Of Angels, Pins, and For-Cause Removal: A Requiem for the Passive Virtues
Jerry L. Mashaw
Jerry L. Mashaw is Sterling Professor Emeritus and Professorial Lecturer at the Yale Law School.

This Essay concerns a constitutional puzzle, the puzzle of for-cause removal. For a century the Supreme Court has been attempting to answer a simple question: when is it constitutional for Congress to provide that an agency head or lower official can be removed only for cause?

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Essay
Conservative Minimalism and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Jonathan H. Adler
Jonathan H. Adler is the Johan Verheij Memorial Professor of Law and the Director of the Coleman P. Burke Center for Environmental Law at Case Western Reserve University School of Law.

Chief Justice John Roberts mystified and frustrated court watchers with his opinions in the closing weeks of the Supreme Court’s October 2019 term.

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Essay
Seila Law and the Law of Judicial Review
John Harrison
John Harrison is the James Madison Distinguished Professor of Law and Thomas F. Bergin Teaching Professor at the University of Virginia.

Professor Caleb Nelson provided helpful comments.

The Court in Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau did not hold that the restriction on presidential removal of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) director was unconstitutional. At least, it did not do so according to standard principles of stare decisis and the orthodox account of the law of judicial review—the legal principles under which courts implement the hierarchical superiority of the Constitution to all other legal norms.

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87.5
The First Amendment’s Real Lochner Problem
Genevieve Lakier
Assistant Professor of Law and Herbert and Marjorie Fried Teaching Scholar, The University of Chicago Law School

Thanks to Monica Bell, Rabia Belt, Amy J. Cohen, Andrew Crespo, Aziz Huq, Elizabeth Kamali, Michael Kang, Andy Koppelman, Anna Lvovsky, Richard McAdams, Robert Post, John Rappaport, Daphna Renan, Geoffrey Stone, Nelson Tebbe, and participants at the University of Virginia and Northwestern University Law School Public Law Workshops, the University of Chicago and Vanderbilt Law School Work-in-Progress Workshops, and the Freedom of Expression Scholars Conference for thoughtful feedback, and to Graham Haviland and Elisabeth Mayer for excellent research assistance.Thanks to Monica Bell, Rabia Belt, Amy J. Cohen, Andrew Crespo, Aziz Huq, Elizabeth Kamali, Michael Kang, Andy Koppelman, Anna Lvovsky, Richard McAdams, Robert Post, John Rappaport, Daphna Renan, Geoffrey Stone, Nelson Tebbe, and participants at the University of Virginia and Northwestern University Law School Public Law Workshops, the University of Chicago and Vanderbilt Law School Work-in-Progress Workshops, and the Freedom of Expression Scholars Conference for thoughtful feedback, and to Graham Haviland and Elisabeth Mayer for excellent research assistance.

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Article
87.3
The Origins of Substantive Due Process
Ilan Wurman
Visiting Assistant Professor and incoming Associate Professor, Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University.

Thanks to William Baude, David Bernstein, Nathan Chapman, and John Harrison; to the participants of the 2018 Rocky Mountain Junior Faculty Colloquium, the 2019 Federalist Society Young Legal Scholars panel, and the 2019 University of Richmond Junior Scholars Workshop; and in particular to my colleagues Zack Gubler, Rhett Larson, Kaipo Matsumura, Trevor Reed, Josh Sellers, Bijal Shah, and Justin Weinstein-Tull for their early interventions. Thanks also to Jessica Kemper and Katherine Johnson for tremendous research assistance.

There has been renewed interest in recent years in the original understanding of “due process of law.” In a recent article, Professors Nathan Chapman and Michael McConnell argue that historically, due process meant only that an individual could not be deprived of life, liberty, or property without a general and prospective standing law, the violation of which had been adjudicated according to a certain minimum of common-law judicial procedures.

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Essay
Clarifying and Reframing the “Ministerial Exception”
Tyler B. Lindley
B.S. 2018, Brigham Young University; J.D. Candidate 2021, The University of Chicago Law School.

For helpful feedback and discussion, I thank Geoffrey Stone, Douglas Baird, Rob Barthelmess, Jonathan Acevedo, Addison Bennett, Parag Dharmavarapu, and The University of Chicago Law Review. I would also like to thank my wife, Katrina Lindley, for her indispensable discussion and support.

This term, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear and consider Kristin Biel’s case.

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Essay
Fifth Circuit Will Reconsider Constitutionality of ICWA’s Race-Based Burdens
Timothy Sandefur
Timothy Sandefur is Vice President for Litigation at the Goldwater Institute, and author, most recently, of Recent Developments in Indian Child Welfare Act Litigation: Moving Towards Equal Protection?, 23 Tex Rev L & Pol 425 (2019).

The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals announced on November 7 that it will rehear a case called Brackeen v. Bernhardt that weighs the constitutionality of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA).

Online
Essay
Originalism as Faithfulness
Christopher R. Green
Christopher R. Green is Professor of Law and H.L.A. Hart Scholar of Law and Philosophy at the University of Mississippi and an Affiliated Scholar at the Center for the Study of Constitutional Originalism at the University of San Diego.

You can read more of his scholarly work here.

Eric Segall’s Originalism as Faith is a quick, easily-digestible summary of the conventional wisdom about the Supreme Court’s relationship to original meaning for large portions of the legal academy.